Rose!
From: sunil kumar <whitecrimsonpink@yahoo.co.in>
To: Rukhsana@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Wednesday, September 14, 2011 10:59 PM
Subject: «*» RUKHSANA«*» Re: «*» RUKHSANA«*» <>_<> 2 glasses per day<>_<>
From: Vipan <iamvipan@yahoo.com>
Sent: Sun, 11 September, 2011 4:07:56 PM
Subject: «*» RUKHSANA«*» <>_<>Marvelous Turtles<>_<>
<>_<>Marvelous Turtles<>_<>Marvelous Turtles
Turtles are old species. How old? They existed before mammals, birds, crocodiles and lizards... some say even before the dinosaurs themselves, well into the Triassic period . They survived Triassic–Jurassic and Cretaceous–Tertiary extinctions (while also learning to retract their heads into shells) and are holding their own very nicely today.
Baby turtles are perhaps the most adorable baby reptiles. Here is an albino turtle born in Brazil:
From tender young age, turtles grow old - up to 255 years old. Can you stand the weight of this gaze?
Turtles display all sorts of emotion; from being curious, to being sad:
Perhaps little-known fact is that turtles are very sensitive creatures. They have great eyesight, wonderful sense of smell, good hearing and even extensive sense of touch (even their shells contains nerve endings)!
Alligator Snapping Turtle lives up to its name (it also features camouflaged tongue which looks like a worm - to lure in some hungry fish, and then... CHOMP!) -
This delightfully aggressive specimen was caught in China:
Eastern Box Turtle is a "state reptile" of North Carolina, has a nice "box" shell and a strange propensity to get hit by cars and agricultural machinery:
Snake Neck Turtle (also called Eastern Long-necked Turtle) looks like a broken creature, but it is perfectly fine. It is also a known "stinker" as it emits an offensive smelling fluid from its musk glands when threatened:
This is the Reimann's snake-necked turtle from New Guinea, one of the threatened freshwater species ... it also smells like a skunk:
Well, hello there! It does rather look like a toy.
Galapagos Tortoise: Giants on the Move
Advance the Tank Squadron!
Once upon a time there was an Aldabra Giant Tortoise called Adwaita. This mighty male of the species died in 2005, living to be 255 years old! - one of the oldest living animals in the world (outside of 400 year old mollusks).
Dreaming of the young world two hundred years ago:
Aldabra tortoise live mainly on the islands of the Aldabra Atoll in the Seychelles, but there is a much better known variety of this giants. These are the Galapagos tortoise, reaching weights of over 400 kg and lengths of almost 2 meters! Riding them must be thrilling, though rather slow-paced fun:
Apparently they like apples, and will reach for an apple with all their might... It is also a pretty awesome sight when they do battle:
The Galapagos tortoise Nigrita watches her cub in the zoo of Zurich, Switzerland (left image) - and the one on the right is just resting:
Soft Shell: "Home, Sweet Home", the Utmost in Comfort Fit
Indian Flapshell Turtle looks out of the really soft and flappy shell:
In fact, these shells look like weird soft blobs (left image above), and hundreds are killed every year in the desert ponds of Rajasthan, India.
Here is another interesting looking specimen of softshell turtle from Cambodia... Cantor's Giant Soft Shelled Turtle, Pelochelys cantorii:
Pig-nosed Turtle (Carettochelys insculpta):
Look me in the face! -
It "flies" like some sort of a flappy-eared dragon:
This Indian Flap Soft Shell turtle has a wonderful pinky pig nose and an intense gaze:
Spotlight Spiny Softshell Turtle (Apalone spinifera, formerly Trionyx spiniferus) - left image. On the right is an interesting shell pattern seen in Russia:
You can see many turtles varieties in the Royal Tyrell Museum in Canada:
Turtle's Shell Plates are composed of skin. Lots of it.
The shell of a turtle consist of 60 different bones all joined together (forming top carapace and bottom plastron). The pattern on the shell is due to the fact that turtles only molt in patches, not discarding the whole skin like snakes do.
When seen as a cross-section, the turtle skeleten is largely empty inside:
So, how do turtles breathe, then? They can not expand and contract their shells;
"The rigid shell means turtles cannot breathe as other reptiles do, by changing the volume of their chest cavity via expansion and contraction of the ribs. Instead, turtles breathe in two ways. First, they employ buccal pumping, pulling air into their mouth, then pushing it into the lungs via oscillations of the floor of the throat. Secondly, by contracting the abdominal muscles that cover the posterior opening of the shell, the internal volume of the shell increases, drawing air into the lungs, allowing these muscles to function in much the same way as the mammalian diaphragm."
This pre-historic turtle skeleton makes you wonder how this creature looked in actual life (well, no, this is a piece of art, made by "creator of things that should not be"):
Anyone for a turtle-burger? -
When mystical turtles grow old, they turn into huge craggy rocks hidden in a forest:
On the shoulders of giants:
And just as a bonus, a weird French postcard... any additional info on this?
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