SHOULD WE SKIP SUNNAH AND WITR TOO WHEN PRAYING SALATUL-QASR?
It was the practice of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) when travelling to pray the obligatory prayers only, and it was not narrated that he used to pray the regular Sunnah prayers either before or after the fard prayers.
But an exception is made from the above in the case of the regular Sunnah prayer of Fajr, which is to be performed when travelling just as it is performed when one is not travelling.
(Reference: Narrated by Muslim, 681)
It was the practice of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) when travelling to pray only the obligatory prayers, and it was not narrated that he used to pray the regular Sunnah prayers either before or after the fard prayers, apart from Witr and the Sunnah of Fajr, which he never omitted whether he was travelling or not.
PRAYING WITR WHEN JOINING MAGRIB AND ISHA:
Praying witr when combining 'Isha with Maghrib and praying them at the earlier time (i.e., the time of Maghrib).
The traveler may pray witr after praying 'Isha' with Maghrib and praying them at the time of Maghrib."
PRAYING IN CONGREGATION DURING TRAVELLING:
If the traveller prays with a non-traveller imam then he has to offer the prayer in full, because of the general meaning of the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) And because the Sahaabah (may Allaah be pleased with them) used to pray behind the caliph 'Uthmaan ibn 'Affaan during Hajj in Mina, and he used to lead them in praying four rak'ahs so they offered four rak'ahs with him.
"The imam is appointed to be followed."
(Sahih Bukhari, Book #8, Hadith #375)
But if praying without Imam then:
Musa b. Salama Hudhali said: I asked Ibn 'Abbas: How should I say prayer when I am in Mecca, and when I do not pray along with the Imam? He said: Two rak'ahs (of prayer) is the Sunnah of Abu'l-Qasim (may peace be upon him).
(Sahih Muslim, Book 004, Number 1465)
If a non-traveller prays with a traveller Imam:
Then he should not say tasleem with the Imam at the end of Two Rak'ahs and stand up and complete the remaining two rak'ahs.
CAN WE PRAY ON A PLANE, TRAIN, SHIP OR A CAR?
If one is afraid that the time for prayer will end and the prayer is one that cannot be joined to the prayer that comes before it or after it.
Then he should find the direction of Qiblah and perform the prayer.
If one is afraid that standing may cause harm and one cannot face qiblah then they can pray sitting too but it is not permissible to pray sitting in the plane or elsewhere if one is able to stand. If we don't stand and face the qiblah because we were unable to do so, then our prayer is valid, but if we were able to stand or face the qiblah but we did not do so then our prayer is not valid and we have to repeat it now.
CAN WE PRAY NAWAFIL WHEN TRAVELLING?
As many as we want.
Narrated Salim bin Abdullah:
Ibn 'Umar said, "Allah's Apostle used to pray the Nawafil on the back of his Mount (carriage) by signs facing any direction." Ibn 'Umar used to do the same.
(Sahih Bukhari, volume 2, Book 20, Number 208)
Even WITR can be performed on the mount:
Narrated 'Amir bin Rabi'a,
I saw the Prophet on his Mount praying Nawafil by nodding his head, whatever direction he faced, but Allah's Apostle never did the same in offering the compulsory prayers. Narrated Salim: At night'Abdullah bin 'Umar used to offer the prayer on the back of his animal during the journey and never cared about the direction he faced. Ibn 'Umar said, "Allah's Apostle used to offer the optional prayer on the back of his Mount facing any direction and also used to pray the Witr on it but never offered the compulsory prayer on it."
(Sahih Bukhari, Volume 2, Book 20, Number 202)
And Allah Subahanahu Wa Ta'ala Knows Best.
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